These materials are liable to self-heating and to ignite spontaneously, particularly when in a finely divided form, wet or contaminated with such materials as unsaturated cutting oil, oily rags and other combustible matter. self-heating or inadequate ventilation may cause dangerous depletion of oxygen in the cargo spaces. Observations: Excessive amounts of cast iron borings or organic materials may encourage heating. The material should be protected from moisture prior to and after loading. If, during loading, the weather is inclement, hatches should be closed or otherwise protected to keep the material dry. The provisions of this appendix should not apply to consignments of materials which are accompanied by a declaration submitted prior to loading by the shipper and stating that they have no self-heating properties when transported in bulk. Segregation and stowage requirements: “Separated from” foodstuffs. Special requirements: 1. Prior to loading, temperature of the material should not exceed 55 degrees c. wooden sweat battens, dunnage and debris should be removed from the cargo space before the material is loaded. 2. The surface temperature of the material should be taken prior to, during and after loading and daily during the voyage. Temperature readings during the voyage should be taken in such a way as not to require entry into the cargo space or, alternatively, if entry is required for this purpose, sufficient breathing apparatus, additional to that required by the safety equipment regulations, should be provided. If the surface temperature exceeds 90 degrees c during loading, further loading should cease and should not recommence until the temperature has fallen below 85 degrees c. the ship should not depart unless the temperature is below 65 degrees c and has shown a steady or downward trend in temperature for at least eight hours. During loading and transport, the bilge of each cargo space in which the material is stowed should be as dry as practicable. during loading, the material should be compacted in the cargo space as frequently as practicable with a bulldozer or other means. After loading, the material should be trimmed to eliminate peaks and should be compacted. 3. Whilst at sea, any rise in surface temperature of the material indicates a self-heating reaction problem. If the temperature should rise to 80 degrees c, a potential fire situation is developing and the ship should make for the nearest port. Water should not be used at sea. early application of an inert gas to a smouldering situation may be effective. In port, copious quantities of water may be used but due consideration should be given to stability. 4. Entry into cargo spaces containing this material should be made only with the main hatches open and after adequate ventilation and when using breathing apparatus. Turnings clause from Bimco. 1998 code of safe practice for solid bulk cargoes (bc code) appendix b list of bulk materials possessing chemical hazards ferrous metal, borings, shavings, turnings or cuttings in a form liable to self-heating * iron swarf * steel swarf* for comprehensive information on transport of any material,refer to sections 1-10 of this code. UN 2793 - IMO 4.2