Plate and structural scrap, often referred to as P&S in the scrap industry, is a cut grade of ferrous scrap, presumed to be free of any contaminates. It is most commonly associated with building construction and demolition, but can also be found amongst electric arc furnace casting and foundry material. The 4 ft. length distinguishes it as prepared material, which means that a scrap yard can process it using less machinery on site. Plate and structural scrap is comprised of clean open hearth steel plates, structural shapes, crop ends, shearings, or broken steel tires. Dimensions not less than 1/4 inch thickness, not over 5 feet in length and 18-24 inches in width. Phosphorus or sulphur not over 0.05 percent, as specified by the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries.